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avrdude/fileio.c
Joerg Wunsch 0bda6f26d1 * fileio.c: Rework the way ELF file sections are considered: while 
scanning the program header table, the offsets from a program
header entry must never be used directly when checking the bounds
of the current AVR memory region.  Instead, they must always be
checked based on the corresponding section's entry.  That way,
Xmega devices now properly take into account whether the segment
fits into any of the application/apptable/boot memory region.



git-svn-id: svn://svn.savannah.nongnu.org/avrdude/trunk/avrdude@1085 81a1dc3b-b13d-400b-aceb-764788c761c2
2012-04-24 15:41:02 +00:00

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/*
* avrdude - A Downloader/Uploader for AVR device programmers
* Copyright (C) 2000-2004 Brian S. Dean <bsd@bsdhome.com>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
/* $Id$ */
#include "ac_cfg.h"
#include <limits.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#ifdef HAVE_LIBELF
#include <libelf.h>
#define EM_AVR32 0x18ad /* inofficial */
#endif
#include "avrdude.h"
#include "avr.h"
#include "fileio.h"
#define IHEX_MAXDATA 256
#define MAX_LINE_LEN 256 /* max line length for ASCII format input files */
struct ihexrec {
unsigned char reclen;
unsigned int loadofs;
unsigned char rectyp;
unsigned char data[IHEX_MAXDATA];
unsigned char cksum;
};
static int b2ihex(unsigned char * inbuf, int bufsize,
int recsize, int startaddr,
char * outfile, FILE * outf);
static int ihex2b(char * infile, FILE * inf,
AVRMEM * mem, int bufsize, unsigned int fileoffset);
static int b2srec(unsigned char * inbuf, int bufsize,
int recsize, int startaddr,
char * outfile, FILE * outf);
static int srec2b(char * infile, FILE * inf,
AVRMEM * mem, int bufsize, unsigned int fileoffset);
static int ihex_readrec(struct ihexrec * ihex, char * rec);
static int srec_readrec(struct ihexrec * srec, char * rec);
static int fileio_rbin(struct fioparms * fio,
char * filename, FILE * f, AVRMEM * mem, int size);
static int fileio_ihex(struct fioparms * fio,
char * filename, FILE * f, AVRMEM * mem, int size);
static int fileio_srec(struct fioparms * fio,
char * filename, FILE * f, AVRMEM * mem, int size);
#ifdef HAVE_LIBELF
static int elf2b(char * infile, FILE * inf,
AVRMEM * mem, struct avrpart * p,
int bufsize, unsigned int fileoffset);
static int fileio_elf(struct fioparms * fio,
char * filename, FILE * f, AVRMEM * mem,
struct avrpart * p, int size);
#endif
static int fileio_num(struct fioparms * fio,
char * filename, FILE * f, AVRMEM * mem, int size,
FILEFMT fmt);
static int fmt_autodetect(char * fname);
char * fmtstr(FILEFMT format)
{
switch (format) {
case FMT_AUTO : return "auto-detect"; break;
case FMT_SREC : return "Motorola S-Record"; break;
case FMT_IHEX : return "Intel Hex"; break;
case FMT_RBIN : return "raw binary"; break;
case FMT_ELF : return "ELF"; break;
default : return "invalid format"; break;
};
}
static int b2ihex(unsigned char * inbuf, int bufsize,
int recsize, int startaddr,
char * outfile, FILE * outf)
{
unsigned char * buf;
unsigned int nextaddr;
int n, nbytes, n_64k;
int i;
unsigned char cksum;
if (recsize > 255) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: recsize=%d, must be < 256\n",
progname, recsize);
return -1;
}
n_64k = 0;
nextaddr = startaddr;
buf = inbuf;
nbytes = 0;
while (bufsize) {
n = recsize;
if (n > bufsize)
n = bufsize;
if ((nextaddr + n) > 0x10000)
n = 0x10000 - nextaddr;
if (n) {
cksum = 0;
fprintf(outf, ":%02X%04X00", n, nextaddr);
cksum += n + ((nextaddr >> 8) & 0x0ff) + (nextaddr & 0x0ff);
for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
fprintf(outf, "%02X", buf[i]);
cksum += buf[i];
}
cksum = -cksum;
fprintf(outf, "%02X\n", cksum);
nextaddr += n;
nbytes += n;
}
if (nextaddr >= 0x10000) {
int lo, hi;
/* output an extended address record */
n_64k++;
lo = n_64k & 0xff;
hi = (n_64k >> 8) & 0xff;
cksum = 0;
fprintf(outf, ":02000004%02X%02X", hi, lo);
cksum += 2 + 0 + 4 + hi + lo;
cksum = -cksum;
fprintf(outf, "%02X\n", cksum);
nextaddr = 0;
}
/* advance to next 'recsize' bytes */
buf += n;
bufsize -= n;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------
add the end of record data line
-----------------------------------------------------------------*/
cksum = 0;
n = 0;
nextaddr = 0;
fprintf(outf, ":%02X%04X01", n, nextaddr);
cksum += n + ((nextaddr >> 8) & 0x0ff) + (nextaddr & 0x0ff) + 1;
cksum = -cksum;
fprintf(outf, "%02X\n", cksum);
return nbytes;
}
static int ihex_readrec(struct ihexrec * ihex, char * rec)
{
int i, j;
char buf[8];
int offset, len;
char * e;
unsigned char cksum;
int rc;
len = strlen(rec);
offset = 1;
cksum = 0;
/* reclen */
if (offset + 2 > len)
return -1;
for (i=0; i<2; i++)
buf[i] = rec[offset++];
buf[i] = 0;
ihex->reclen = strtoul(buf, &e, 16);
if (e == buf || *e != 0)
return -1;
/* load offset */
if (offset + 4 > len)
return -1;
for (i=0; i<4; i++)
buf[i] = rec[offset++];
buf[i] = 0;
ihex->loadofs = strtoul(buf, &e, 16);
if (e == buf || *e != 0)
return -1;
/* record type */
if (offset + 2 > len)
return -1;
for (i=0; i<2; i++)
buf[i] = rec[offset++];
buf[i] = 0;
ihex->rectyp = strtoul(buf, &e, 16);
if (e == buf || *e != 0)
return -1;
cksum = ihex->reclen + ((ihex->loadofs >> 8) & 0x0ff) +
(ihex->loadofs & 0x0ff) + ihex->rectyp;
/* data */
for (j=0; j<ihex->reclen; j++) {
if (offset + 2 > len)
return -1;
for (i=0; i<2; i++)
buf[i] = rec[offset++];
buf[i] = 0;
ihex->data[j] = strtoul(buf, &e, 16);
if (e == buf || *e != 0)
return -1;
cksum += ihex->data[j];
}
/* cksum */
if (offset + 2 > len)
return -1;
for (i=0; i<2; i++)
buf[i] = rec[offset++];
buf[i] = 0;
ihex->cksum = strtoul(buf, &e, 16);
if (e == buf || *e != 0)
return -1;
rc = -cksum & 0x000000ff;
return rc;
}
/*
* Intel Hex to binary buffer
*
* Given an open file 'inf' which contains Intel Hex formated data,
* parse the file and lay it out within the memory buffer pointed to
* by outbuf. The size of outbuf, 'bufsize' is honored; if data would
* fall outsize of the memory buffer outbuf, an error is generated.
*
* Return the maximum memory address within 'outbuf' that was written.
* If an error occurs, return -1.
*
* */
static int ihex2b(char * infile, FILE * inf,
AVRMEM * mem, int bufsize, unsigned int fileoffset)
{
char buffer [ MAX_LINE_LEN ];
unsigned int nextaddr, baseaddr, maxaddr;
int i;
int lineno;
int len;
struct ihexrec ihex;
int rc;
lineno = 0;
baseaddr = 0;
maxaddr = 0;
nextaddr = 0;
while (fgets((char *)buffer,MAX_LINE_LEN,inf)!=NULL) {
lineno++;
len = strlen(buffer);
if (buffer[len-1] == '\n')
buffer[--len] = 0;
if (buffer[0] != ':')
continue;
rc = ihex_readrec(&ihex, buffer);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid record at line %d of \"%s\"\n",
progname, lineno, infile);
return -1;
}
else if (rc != ihex.cksum) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: ERROR: checksum mismatch at line %d of \"%s\"\n",
progname, lineno, infile);
fprintf(stderr, "%s: checksum=0x%02x, computed checksum=0x%02x\n",
progname, ihex.cksum, rc);
return -1;
}
switch (ihex.rectyp) {
case 0: /* data record */
if (fileoffset != 0 && baseaddr < fileoffset) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: address 0x%04x out of range (below fileoffset 0x%x) at line %d of %s\n",
progname, baseaddr, fileoffset, lineno, infile);
return -1;
}
nextaddr = ihex.loadofs + baseaddr - fileoffset;
if (nextaddr + ihex.reclen > bufsize) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: address 0x%04x out of range at line %d of %s\n",
progname, nextaddr+ihex.reclen, lineno, infile);
return -1;
}
for (i=0; i<ihex.reclen; i++) {
mem->buf[nextaddr+i] = ihex.data[i];
mem->tags[nextaddr+i] = TAG_ALLOCATED;
}
if (nextaddr+ihex.reclen > maxaddr)
maxaddr = nextaddr+ihex.reclen;
break;
case 1: /* end of file record */
return maxaddr;
break;
case 2: /* extended segment address record */
baseaddr = (ihex.data[0] << 8 | ihex.data[1]) << 4;
break;
case 3: /* start segment address record */
/* we don't do anything with the start address */
break;
case 4: /* extended linear address record */
baseaddr = (ihex.data[0] << 8 | ihex.data[1]) << 16;
break;
case 5: /* start linear address record */
/* we don't do anything with the start address */
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: don't know how to deal with rectype=%d "
"at line %d of %s\n",
progname, ihex.rectyp, lineno, infile);
return -1;
break;
}
} /* while */
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: WARNING: no end of file record found for Intel Hex "
"file \"%s\"\n",
progname, infile);
return maxaddr;
}
static int b2srec(unsigned char * inbuf, int bufsize,
int recsize, int startaddr,
char * outfile, FILE * outf)
{
unsigned char * buf;
unsigned int nextaddr;
int n, nbytes, addr_width;
int i;
unsigned char cksum;
char * tmpl=0;
if (recsize > 255) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: ERROR: recsize=%d, must be < 256\n",
progname, recsize);
return -1;
}
nextaddr = startaddr;
buf = inbuf;
nbytes = 0;
addr_width = 0;
while (bufsize) {
n = recsize;
if (n > bufsize)
n = bufsize;
if (n) {
cksum = 0;
if (nextaddr + n <= 0xffff) {
addr_width = 2;
tmpl="S1%02X%04X";
}
else if (nextaddr + n <= 0xffffff) {
addr_width = 3;
tmpl="S2%02X%06X";
}
else if (nextaddr + n <= 0xffffffff) {
addr_width = 4;
tmpl="S3%02X%08X";
}
else {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: ERROR: address=%d, out of range\n",
progname, nextaddr);
return -1;
}
fprintf(outf, tmpl, n + addr_width + 1, nextaddr);
cksum += n + addr_width + 1;
for (i=addr_width; i>0; i--)
cksum += (nextaddr >> (i-1) * 8) & 0xff;
for (i=nextaddr; i<nextaddr + n; i++) {
fprintf(outf, "%02X", buf[i]);
cksum += buf[i];
}
cksum = 0xff - cksum;
fprintf(outf, "%02X\n", cksum);
nextaddr += n;
nbytes +=n;
}
/* advance to next 'recsize' bytes */
bufsize -= n;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------
add the end of record data line
-----------------------------------------------------------------*/
cksum = 0;
n = 0;
nextaddr = 0;
if (startaddr <= 0xffff) {
addr_width = 2;
tmpl="S9%02X%04X";
}
else if (startaddr <= 0xffffff) {
addr_width = 3;
tmpl="S9%02X%06X";
}
else if (startaddr <= 0xffffffff) {
addr_width = 4;
tmpl="S9%02X%08X";
}
fprintf(outf, tmpl, n + addr_width + 1, nextaddr);
cksum += n + addr_width +1;
for (i=addr_width; i>0; i--)
cksum += (nextaddr >> (i - 1) * 8) & 0xff;
cksum = 0xff - cksum;
fprintf(outf, "%02X\n", cksum);
return nbytes;
}
static int srec_readrec(struct ihexrec * srec, char * rec)
{
int i, j;
char buf[8];
int offset, len, addr_width;
char * e;
unsigned char cksum;
int rc;
len = strlen(rec);
offset = 1;
cksum = 0;
addr_width = 2;
/* record type */
if (offset + 1 > len)
return -1;
srec->rectyp = rec[offset++];
if (srec->rectyp == 0x32 || srec->rectyp == 0x38)
addr_width = 3; /* S2,S8-record */
else if (srec->rectyp == 0x33 || srec->rectyp == 0x37)
addr_width = 4; /* S3,S7-record */
/* reclen */
if (offset + 2 > len)
return -1;
for (i=0; i<2; i++)
buf[i] = rec[offset++];
buf[i] = 0;
srec->reclen = strtoul(buf, &e, 16);
cksum += srec->reclen;
srec->reclen -= (addr_width+1);
if (e == buf || *e != 0)
return -1;
/* load offset */
if (offset + addr_width > len)
return -1;
for (i=0; i<addr_width*2; i++)
buf[i] = rec[offset++];
buf[i] = 0;
srec->loadofs = strtoull(buf, &e, 16);
if (e == buf || *e != 0)
return -1;
for (i=addr_width; i>0; i--)
cksum += (srec->loadofs >> (i - 1) * 8) & 0xff;
/* data */
for (j=0; j<srec->reclen; j++) {
if (offset+2 > len)
return -1;
for (i=0; i<2; i++)
buf[i] = rec[offset++];
buf[i] = 0;
srec->data[j] = strtoul(buf, &e, 16);
if (e == buf || *e != 0)
return -1;
cksum += srec->data[j];
}
/* cksum */
if (offset + 2 > len)
return -1;
for (i=0; i<2; i++)
buf[i] = rec[offset++];
buf[i] = 0;
srec->cksum = strtoul(buf, &e, 16);
if (e == buf || *e != 0)
return -1;
rc = 0xff - cksum;
return rc;
}
static int srec2b(char * infile, FILE * inf,
AVRMEM * mem, int bufsize, unsigned int fileoffset)
{
char buffer [ MAX_LINE_LEN ];
unsigned int nextaddr, maxaddr;
int i;
int lineno;
int len;
struct ihexrec srec;
int rc;
int reccount;
unsigned char datarec;
char * msg = 0;
lineno = 0;
maxaddr = 0;
reccount = 0;
while (fgets((char *)buffer,MAX_LINE_LEN,inf)!=NULL) {
lineno++;
len = strlen(buffer);
if (buffer[len-1] == '\n')
buffer[--len] = 0;
if (buffer[0] != 0x53)
continue;
rc = srec_readrec(&srec, buffer);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: ERROR: invalid record at line %d of \"%s\"\n",
progname, lineno, infile);
return -1;
}
else if (rc != srec.cksum) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: ERROR: checksum mismatch at line %d of \"%s\"\n",
progname, lineno, infile);
fprintf(stderr, "%s: checksum=0x%02x, computed checksum=0x%02x\n",
progname, srec.cksum, rc);
return -1;
}
datarec=0;
switch (srec.rectyp) {
case 0x30: /* S0 - header record*/
/* skip */
break;
case 0x31: /* S1 - 16 bit address data record */
datarec=1;
msg="%s: ERROR: address 0x%04x out of range %sat line %d of %s\n";
break;
case 0x32: /* S2 - 24 bit address data record */
datarec=1;
msg="%s: ERROR: address 0x%06x out of range %sat line %d of %s\n";
break;
case 0x33: /* S3 - 32 bit address data record */
datarec=1;
msg="%s: ERROR: address 0x%08x out of range %sat line %d of %s\n";
break;
case 0x34: /* S4 - symbol record (LSI extension) */
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: not supported record at line %d of %s\n",
progname, lineno, infile);
return -1;
case 0x35: /* S5 - count of S1,S2 and S3 records previously tx'd */
if (srec.loadofs != reccount){
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: count of transmitted data records mismatch "
"at line %d of \"%s\"\n",
progname, lineno, infile);
fprintf(stderr, "%s: transmitted data records= %d, expected "
"value= %d\n",
progname, reccount, srec.loadofs);
return -1;
}
break;
case 0x37: /* S7 Record - end record for 32 bit address data */
case 0x38: /* S8 Record - end record for 24 bit address data */
case 0x39: /* S9 Record - end record for 16 bit address data */
return maxaddr;
default:
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: don't know how to deal with rectype S%d "
"at line %d of %s\n",
progname, srec.rectyp, lineno, infile);
return -1;
}
if (datarec == 1) {
nextaddr = srec.loadofs;
if (nextaddr < fileoffset) {
fprintf(stderr, msg, progname, nextaddr,
"(below fileoffset) ",
lineno, infile);
return -1;
}
nextaddr -= fileoffset;
if (nextaddr + srec.reclen > bufsize) {
fprintf(stderr, msg, progname, nextaddr+srec.reclen, "",
lineno, infile);
return -1;
}
for (i=0; i<srec.reclen; i++) {
mem->buf[nextaddr+i] = srec.data[i];
mem->tags[nextaddr+i] = TAG_ALLOCATED;
}
if (nextaddr+srec.reclen > maxaddr)
maxaddr = nextaddr+srec.reclen;
reccount++;
}
}
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: WARNING: no end of file record found for Motorola S-Records "
"file \"%s\"\n",
progname, infile);
return maxaddr;
}
#ifdef HAVE_LIBELF
/*
* Determine whether the ELF file section pointed to by `sh' fits
* completely into the program header segment pointed to by `ph'.
*
* Assumes the section has been checked already before to actually
* contain data (SHF_ALLOC, SHT_PROGBITS, sh_size > 0).
*
* Sometimes, program header segments might be larger than the actual
* file sections. On VM architectures, this is used to allow mmapping
* the entire ELF file "as is" (including things like the program
* header table itself).
*/
static inline
int is_section_in_segment(Elf32_Shdr *sh, Elf32_Phdr *ph)
{
if (sh->sh_offset < ph->p_offset)
return 0;
if (sh->sh_offset + sh->sh_size > ph->p_offset + ph->p_filesz)
return 0;
return 1;
}
/*
* Return the ELF section descriptor that corresponds to program
* header `ph'. The program header is expected to be of p_type
* PT_LOAD, and to have a nonzero p_filesz. (PT_LOAD sections with a
* zero p_filesz are typically RAM sections that are not initialized
* by file data, e.g. ".bss".)
*/
static Elf_Scn *elf_get_scn(Elf *e, Elf32_Phdr *ph, Elf32_Shdr **shptr)
{
Elf_Scn *s = NULL;
while ((s = elf_nextscn(e, s)) != NULL) {
Elf32_Shdr *sh;
size_t ndx = elf_ndxscn(s);
if ((sh = elf32_getshdr(s)) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: Error reading section #%u header: %s\n",
progname, (unsigned int)ndx, elf_errmsg(-1));
continue;
}
if ((sh->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) == 0 ||
sh->sh_type != SHT_PROGBITS)
/* we are only interested in PROGBITS, ALLOC sections */
continue;
if (sh->sh_size == 0)
/* we are not interested in empty sections */
continue;
if (is_section_in_segment(sh, ph)) {
/* yeah, we found it */
*shptr = sh;
return s;
}
}
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: Cannot find a matching section for "
"program header entry @p_vaddr 0x%x\n",
progname, ph->p_vaddr);
return NULL;
}
static int elf_mem_limits(AVRMEM *mem, struct avrpart * p,
unsigned int *lowbound,
unsigned int *highbound,
unsigned int *fileoff)
{
int rv = 0;
if (p->flags & AVRPART_AVR32) {
if (strcmp(mem->desc, "flash") == 0) {
*lowbound = 0x80000000;
*highbound = 0xffffffff;
*fileoff = 0;
} else {
rv = -1;
}
} else {
if (strcmp(mem->desc, "flash") == 0 ||
strcmp(mem->desc, "boot") == 0 ||
strcmp(mem->desc, "application") == 0 ||
strcmp(mem->desc, "apptable") == 0) {
*lowbound = 0;
*highbound = 0x7ffff; /* max 8 MiB */
*fileoff = 0;
} else if (strcmp(mem->desc, "eeprom") == 0) {
*lowbound = 0x810000;
*highbound = 0x81ffff; /* max 64 KiB */
*fileoff = 0;
} else if (strcmp(mem->desc, "lfuse") == 0) {
*lowbound = 0x820000;
*highbound = 0x82ffff;
*fileoff = 0;
} else if (strcmp(mem->desc, "hfuse") == 0) {
*lowbound = 0x820000;
*highbound = 0x82ffff;
*fileoff = 1;
} else if (strcmp(mem->desc, "efuse") == 0) {
*lowbound = 0x820000;
*highbound = 0x82ffff;
*fileoff = 2;
} else if (strncmp(mem->desc, "fuse", 4) == 0 &&
(mem->desc[4] >= '0' && mem->desc[4] <= '9')) {
/* Xmega fuseN */
*lowbound = 0x820000;
*highbound = 0x82ffff;
*fileoff = mem->desc[4] - '0';
} else if (strcmp(mem->desc, "lock") == 0) {
*lowbound = 0x830000;
*highbound = 0x83ffff;
*fileoff = 0;
} else {
rv = -1;
}
}
return rv;
}
static int elf2b(char * infile, FILE * inf,
AVRMEM * mem, struct avrpart * p,
int bufsize, unsigned int fileoffset)
{
Elf *e;
int rv = -1;
unsigned int low, high, foff;
if (elf_mem_limits(mem, p, &low, &high, &foff) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: Cannot handle \"%s\" memory region from ELF file\n",
progname, mem->desc);
return -1;
}
/*
* The Xmega memory regions for "boot", "application", and
* "apptable" are actually sub-regions of "flash". Refine the
* applicable limits. This allows to select only the appropriate
* sections out of an ELF file that contains section data for more
* than one sub-segment.
*/
if ((p->flags & AVRPART_HAS_PDI) != 0 &&
(strcmp(mem->desc, "boot") == 0 ||
strcmp(mem->desc, "application") == 0 ||
strcmp(mem->desc, "apptable") == 0)) {
AVRMEM *flashmem = avr_locate_mem(p, "flash");
if (flashmem == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: No \"flash\" memory region found, "
"cannot compute bounds of \"%s\" sub-region.\n",
progname, mem->desc);
return -1;
}
/* The config file offsets are PDI offsets, rebase to 0. */
low = mem->offset - flashmem->offset;
high = low + mem->size - 1;
}
if (elf_version(EV_CURRENT) == EV_NONE) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: ELF library initialization failed: %s\n",
progname, elf_errmsg(-1));
return -1;
}
if ((e = elf_begin(fileno(inf), ELF_C_READ, NULL)) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: Cannot open \"%s\" as an ELF file: %s\n",
progname, infile, elf_errmsg(-1));
return -1;
}
if (elf_kind(e) != ELF_K_ELF) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: Cannot use \"%s\" as an ELF input file\n",
progname, infile);
goto done;
}
size_t i, isize;
const char *id = elf_getident(e, &isize);
if (id == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: Error reading ident area of \"%s\": %s\n",
progname, infile, elf_errmsg(-1));
goto done;
}
const char *endianname;
unsigned char endianess;
if (p->flags & AVRPART_AVR32) {
endianess = ELFDATA2MSB;
endianname = "little";
} else {
endianess = ELFDATA2LSB;
endianname = "big";
}
if (id[EI_CLASS] != ELFCLASS32 ||
id[EI_DATA] != endianess) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: ELF file \"%s\" is not a "
"32-bit, %s-endian file that was expected\n",
progname, infile, endianname);
goto done;
}
Elf32_Ehdr *eh;
if ((eh = elf32_getehdr(e)) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: Error reading ehdr of \"%s\": %s\n",
progname, infile, elf_errmsg(-1));
goto done;
}
if (eh->e_type != ET_EXEC) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: ELF file \"%s\" is not an executable file\n",
progname, infile);
goto done;
}
const char *mname;
uint16_t machine;
if (p->flags & AVRPART_AVR32) {
machine = EM_AVR32;
mname = "AVR32";
} else {
machine = EM_AVR;
mname = "AVR";
}
if (eh->e_machine != machine) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: ELF file \"%s\" is not for machine %s\n",
progname, infile, mname);
goto done;
}
if (eh->e_phnum == 0xffff /* PN_XNUM */) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: ELF file \"%s\" uses extended "
"program header numbers which are not expected\n",
progname, infile);
goto done;
}
Elf32_Phdr *ph;
if ((ph = elf32_getphdr(e)) == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: Error reading program header table of \"%s\": %s\n",
progname, infile, elf_errmsg(-1));
goto done;
}
size_t sndx;
if (elf_getshstrndx(e, &sndx) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: Error obtaining section name string table: %s\n",
progname, elf_errmsg(-1));
sndx = 0;
}
/*
* Walk the program header table, pick up entries that are of type
* PT_LOAD, and have a non-zero p_filesz.
*/
for (i = 0; i < eh->e_phnum; i++) {
if (ph[i].p_type != PT_LOAD ||
ph[i].p_filesz == 0)
continue;
if (verbose >= 2) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Considering PT_LOAD program header entry #%d:\n"
" p_vaddr 0x%x, p_paddr 0x%x, p_filesz %d\n",
progname, i, ph[i].p_vaddr, ph[i].p_paddr, ph[i].p_filesz);
}
Elf32_Shdr *sh;
Elf_Scn *s = elf_get_scn(e, ph + i, &sh);
if (s == NULL)
continue;
if ((sh->sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC) && sh->sh_size) {
const char *sname;
if (sndx != 0) {
sname = elf_strptr(e, sndx, sh->sh_name);
} else {
sname = "*unknown*";
}
unsigned int lma;
lma = ph[i].p_paddr + sh->sh_offset - ph[i].p_offset;
if (verbose >= 2) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Found section \"%s\", LMA 0x%x, sh_size %u\n",
progname, sname, lma, sh->sh_size);
}
if (lma >= low &&
lma + sh->sh_size < high) {
/* OK */
} else {
if (verbose >= 2) {
fprintf(stderr,
" => skipping, inappropriate for \"%s\" memory region\n",
mem->desc);
}
continue;
}
/*
* 1-byte sized memory regions are special: they are used for fuse
* bits, where multiple regions (in the config file) map to a
* single, larger region in the ELF file (e.g. "lfuse", "hfuse",
* and "efuse" all map to ".fuse"). We silently accept a larger
* ELF file region for these, and extract the actual byte to write
* from it, using the "foff" offset obtained above.
*/
if (mem->size != 1 &&
sh->sh_size > mem->size) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: section \"%s\" does not fit into \"%s\" memory:\n"
" 0x%x + %u > %u\n",
progname, sname, mem->desc,
lma, sh->sh_size, mem->size);
continue;
}
Elf_Data *d = NULL;
while ((d = elf_getdata(s, d)) != NULL) {
if (verbose >= 2) {
fprintf(stderr,
" Data block: d_buf 0x%x, d_off 0x%x, d_size %d\n",
(unsigned int)d->d_buf, (unsigned int)d->d_off, d->d_size);
}
if (mem->size == 1) {
if (d->d_off != 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: unexpected data block at offset != 0\n",
progname);
} else if (foff >= d->d_size) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: ERROR: ELF file section does not contain byte at offset %d\n",
progname, foff);
} else {
if (verbose >= 2) {
fprintf(stderr,
" Extracting one byte from file offset %d\n",
foff);
}
mem->buf[0] = ((unsigned char *)d->d_buf)[foff];
mem->tags[0] = TAG_ALLOCATED;
rv = 1;
}
} else {
unsigned int idx;
idx = lma - low + d->d_off;
if ((int)(idx + d->d_size) > rv)
rv = idx + d->d_size;
if (verbose >= 3) {
fprintf(stderr,
" Writing %d bytes to mem offset 0x%x\n",
d->d_size, idx);
}
memcpy(mem->buf + idx, d->d_buf, d->d_size);
memset(mem->tags + idx, TAG_ALLOCATED, d->d_size);
}
}
}
}
done:
(void)elf_end(e);
return rv;
}
#endif /* HAVE_LIBELF */
/*
* Simple itoa() implementation. Caller needs to allocate enough
* space in buf. Only positive integers are handled.
*/
static char *itoa_simple(int n, char *buf, int base)
{
div_t q;
char c, *cp, *cp2;
cp = buf;
/*
* Divide by base until the number disappeared, but ensure at least
* one digit will be emitted.
*/
do {
q = div(n, base);
n = q.quot;
if (q.rem >= 10)
c = q.rem - 10 + 'a';
else
c = q.rem + '0';
*cp++ = c;
} while (q.quot != 0);
/* Terminate the string. */
*cp-- = '\0';
/* Now revert the result string. */
cp2 = buf;
while (cp > cp2) {
c = *cp;
*cp-- = *cp2;
*cp2++ = c;
}
return buf;
}
static int fileio_rbin(struct fioparms * fio,
char * filename, FILE * f, AVRMEM * mem, int size)
{
int rc;
unsigned char *buf = mem->buf;
switch (fio->op) {
case FIO_READ:
rc = fread(buf, 1, size, f);
if (rc > 0)
memset(mem->tags, TAG_ALLOCATED, rc);
break;
case FIO_WRITE:
rc = fwrite(buf, 1, size, f);
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: fileio: invalid operation=%d\n",
progname, fio->op);
return -1;
}
if (rc < 0 || (fio->op == FIO_WRITE && rc < size)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: %s error %s %s: %s; %s %d of the expected %d bytes\n",
progname, fio->iodesc, fio->dir, filename, strerror(errno),
fio->rw, rc, size);
return -1;
}
return rc;
}
static int fileio_imm(struct fioparms * fio,
char * filename, FILE * f, AVRMEM * mem, int size)
{
int rc = 0;
char * e, * p;
unsigned long b;
int loc;
switch (fio->op) {
case FIO_READ:
loc = 0;
p = strtok(filename, " ,");
while (p != NULL && loc < size) {
b = strtoul(p, &e, 0);
/* check for binary formated (0b10101001) strings */
b = (strncmp (p, "0b", 2))?
strtoul (p, &e, 0):
strtoul (p + 2, &e, 2);
if (*e != 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: invalid byte value (%s) specified for immediate mode\n",
progname, p);
return -1;
}
mem->buf[loc] = b;
mem->tags[loc++] = TAG_ALLOCATED;
p = strtok(NULL, " ,");
rc = loc;
}
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: fileio: invalid operation=%d\n",
progname, fio->op);
return -1;
}
if (rc < 0 || (fio->op == FIO_WRITE && rc < size)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: %s error %s %s: %s; %s %d of the expected %d bytes\n",
progname, fio->iodesc, fio->dir, filename, strerror(errno),
fio->rw, rc, size);
return -1;
}
return rc;
}
static int fileio_ihex(struct fioparms * fio,
char * filename, FILE * f, AVRMEM * mem, int size)
{
int rc;
switch (fio->op) {
case FIO_WRITE:
rc = b2ihex(mem->buf, size, 32, fio->fileoffset, filename, f);
if (rc < 0) {
return -1;
}
break;
case FIO_READ:
rc = ihex2b(filename, f, mem, size, fio->fileoffset);
if (rc < 0)
return -1;
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid Intex Hex file I/O operation=%d\n",
progname, fio->op);
return -1;
break;
}
return rc;
}
static int fileio_srec(struct fioparms * fio,
char * filename, FILE * f, AVRMEM * mem, int size)
{
int rc;
switch (fio->op) {
case FIO_WRITE:
rc = b2srec(mem->buf, size, 32, fio->fileoffset, filename, f);
if (rc < 0) {
return -1;
}
break;
case FIO_READ:
rc = srec2b(filename, f, mem, size, fio->fileoffset);
if (rc < 0)
return -1;
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: ERROR: invalid Motorola S-Records file I/O "
"operation=%d\n",
progname, fio->op);
return -1;
break;
}
return rc;
}
#ifdef HAVE_LIBELF
static int fileio_elf(struct fioparms * fio,
char * filename, FILE * f, AVRMEM * mem,
struct avrpart * p, int size)
{
int rc;
switch (fio->op) {
case FIO_WRITE:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: ERROR: write operation not (yet) "
"supported for ELF\n",
progname);
return -1;
break;
case FIO_READ:
rc = elf2b(filename, f, mem, p, size, fio->fileoffset);
return rc;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: ERROR: invalid ELF file I/O "
"operation=%d\n",
progname, fio->op);
return -1;
break;
}
}
#endif
static int fileio_num(struct fioparms * fio,
char * filename, FILE * f, AVRMEM * mem, int size,
FILEFMT fmt)
{
const char *prefix;
char cbuf[20];
int base, i, num;
switch (fmt) {
case FMT_HEX:
prefix = "0x";
base = 16;
break;
default:
case FMT_DEC:
prefix = "";
base = 10;
break;
case FMT_OCT:
prefix = "0";
base = 8;
break;
case FMT_BIN:
prefix = "0b";
base = 2;
break;
}
switch (fio->op) {
case FIO_WRITE:
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: fileio: invalid operation=%d\n",
progname, fio->op);
return -1;
}
for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
if (i > 0) {
if (putc(',', f) == EOF)
goto writeerr;
}
num = (unsigned int)(mem->buf[i]);
/*
* For a base of 8 and a value < 8 to convert, don't write the
* prefix. The conversion will be indistinguishable from a
* decimal one then.
*/
if (prefix[0] != '\0' && !(base == 8 && num < 8)) {
if (fputs(prefix, f) == EOF)
goto writeerr;
}
itoa_simple(num, cbuf, base);
if (fputs(cbuf, f) == EOF)
goto writeerr;
}
if (putc('\n', f) == EOF)
goto writeerr;
return 0;
writeerr:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error writing to %s: %s\n",
progname, filename, strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
int fileio_setparms(int op, struct fioparms * fp,
struct avrpart * p, AVRMEM * m)
{
fp->op = op;
switch (op) {
case FIO_READ:
fp->mode = "r";
fp->iodesc = "input";
fp->dir = "from";
fp->rw = "read";
break;
case FIO_WRITE:
fp->mode = "w";
fp->iodesc = "output";
fp->dir = "to";
fp->rw = "wrote";
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid I/O operation %d\n",
progname, op);
return -1;
break;
}
/*
* AVR32 devices maintain their load offset within the file itself,
* but AVRDUDE maintains all memory images 0-based.
*/
if ((p->flags & AVRPART_AVR32) != 0)
{
fp->fileoffset = m->offset;
}
else
{
fp->fileoffset = 0;
}
return 0;
}
static int fmt_autodetect(char * fname)
{
FILE * f;
unsigned char buf[MAX_LINE_LEN];
int i;
int len;
int found;
int first = 1;
f = fopen(fname, "r");
if (f == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error opening %s: %s\n",
progname, fname, strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
while (fgets((char *)buf, MAX_LINE_LEN, f)!=NULL) {
/* check for ELF file */
if (first &&
(buf[0] == 0177 && buf[1] == 'E' &&
buf[2] == 'L' && buf[3] == 'F')) {
fclose(f);
return FMT_ELF;
}
buf[MAX_LINE_LEN-1] = 0;
len = strlen((char *)buf);
if (buf[len-1] == '\n')
buf[--len] = 0;
/* check for binary data */
found = 0;
for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
if (buf[i] > 127) {
found = 1;
break;
}
}
if (found) {
fclose(f);
return FMT_RBIN;
}
/* check for lines that look like intel hex */
if ((buf[0] == ':') && (len >= 11)) {
found = 1;
for (i=1; i<len; i++) {
if (!isxdigit(buf[1])) {
found = 0;
break;
}
}
if (found) {
fclose(f);
return FMT_IHEX;
}
}
/* check for lines that look like motorola s-record */
if ((buf[0] == 'S') && (len >= 10) && isdigit(buf[1])) {
found = 1;
for (i=1; i<len; i++) {
if (!isxdigit(buf[1])) {
found = 0;
break;
}
}
if (found) {
fclose(f);
return FMT_SREC;
}
}
first = 0;
}
fclose(f);
return -1;
}
int fileio(int op, char * filename, FILEFMT format,
struct avrpart * p, char * memtype, int size)
{
int rc;
FILE * f;
char * fname;
struct fioparms fio;
AVRMEM * mem;
int using_stdio;
mem = avr_locate_mem(p, memtype);
if (mem == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"fileio(): memory type \"%s\" not configured for device \"%s\"\n",
memtype, p->desc);
return -1;
}
rc = fileio_setparms(op, &fio, p, mem);
if (rc < 0)
return -1;
if (fio.op == FIO_READ)
size = mem->size;
if (fio.op == FIO_READ) {
/* 0xff fill unspecified memory */
memset(mem->buf, 0xff, size);
}
memset(mem->tags, 0, size);
using_stdio = 0;
if (strcmp(filename, "-")==0) {
if (fio.op == FIO_READ) {
fname = "<stdin>";
f = stdin;
}
else {
fname = "<stdout>";
f = stdout;
}
using_stdio = 1;
}
else {
fname = filename;
f = NULL;
}
if (format == FMT_AUTO) {
if (using_stdio) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: can't auto detect file format when using stdin/out.\n"
" Please specify a file format using the -f option and try again.\n",
progname);
exit(1);
}
format = fmt_autodetect(fname);
if (format < 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: can't determine file format for %s, specify explicitly\n",
progname, fname);
return -1;
}
if (quell_progress < 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s file %s auto detected as %s\n",
progname, fio.iodesc, fname, fmtstr(format));
}
}
#if defined(WIN32NATIVE)
/* Open Raw Binary format in binary mode on Windows.*/
if(format == FMT_RBIN)
{
if(fio.op == FIO_READ)
{
fio.mode = "rb";
}
if(fio.op == FIO_WRITE)
{
fio.mode = "wb";
}
}
#endif
if (format != FMT_IMM) {
if (!using_stdio) {
f = fopen(fname, fio.mode);
if (f == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open %s file %s: %s\n",
progname, fio.iodesc, fname, strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
}
}
switch (format) {
case FMT_IHEX:
rc = fileio_ihex(&fio, fname, f, mem, size);
break;
case FMT_SREC:
rc = fileio_srec(&fio, fname, f, mem, size);
break;
case FMT_RBIN:
rc = fileio_rbin(&fio, fname, f, mem, size);
break;
case FMT_ELF:
#ifdef HAVE_LIBELF
rc = fileio_elf(&fio, fname, f, mem, p, size);
#else
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: can't handle ELF file %s, "
"ELF file support was not compiled in\n",
progname, fname);
rc = -1;
#endif
break;
case FMT_IMM:
rc = fileio_imm(&fio, fname, f, mem, size);
break;
case FMT_HEX:
case FMT_DEC:
case FMT_OCT:
case FMT_BIN:
rc = fileio_num(&fio, fname, f, mem, size, format);
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid %s file format: %d\n",
progname, fio.iodesc, format);
return -1;
}
if (rc > 0) {
if ((op == FIO_READ) && (strcasecmp(mem->desc, "flash") == 0 ||
strcasecmp(mem->desc, "application") == 0 ||
strcasecmp(mem->desc, "apptable") == 0 ||
strcasecmp(mem->desc, "boot") == 0)) {
/*
* if we are reading flash, just mark the size as being the
* highest non-0xff byte
*/
rc = avr_mem_hiaddr(mem);
}
}
if (format != FMT_IMM && !using_stdio) {
fclose(f);
}
return rc;
}
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